Easy to load in running chambers, the liquid electrophoresis gels become a semi-solid matrix after cooling. Transparent to permit dyed sample visibility, these anti-convective or sieving mediums become porous to allow a series of bands to appear after an electric current is applied. Based on the time it takes the bands to form, the fragment size and charge can be determined. Separating DNA, RNA, or protein mixtures, electrophoresis gels are commonly used in researching analytical techniques.